Servo Motors in CNC Systems

In CNC (Computer Numerical Control) systems, servo motors play a crucial role in achieving the precise movement and control needed for tasks like milling, turning, drilling, and 3D printing. These motors provide the necessary torque and speed to move machine components with high accuracy and repeatability.

The servo system is an automatic control system that enables the output controlled quantity such as the position, orientation, and state of an object to follow any change of the input target (or given value). The servo motor and servo drive can be regarded as a servo system. The servo mainly relies on pulses for positioning. Basically, it can be understood that when the servo motor receives 100 pulses, it will rotate the angle corresponding to 100 pulses, thereby achieving displacement. Because the encoder itself has the function of sending pulses, the encoder will send a corresponding number of pulses every time the servo motor rotates an angle of the given value, which forms a response with the pulses received by the servo motor, or a closed loop. In this way, the system will know how many pulses have been sent to the servo motor and how many pulses have been received back. In this way, the rotation of the motor can be controlled very accurately, thereby achieving precise positioning. The encoder can reach 0.001mm.