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1. Definition and structure of CNC milling machine
CNC milling machine is a machine tool that controls milling processing through a computer numerical control system. It automatically performs processing according to the processing program. It has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, multi-function and easy operation. A CNC milling machine consists of a machine body, a control system, a cutting system, a feed system, and auxiliary devices. The fuselage includes parts such as bed, workbench, beams, and columns.
2. Working principle of CNC milling machine
The working principle of a CNC milling machine is to install the workpiece on the workbench, and by adjusting the position and direction of the workbench, the tool can cut according to a predetermined path. The movement trajectory of the tool is controlled by the CNC system, and the position and direction of the tool are automatically adjusted according to the work program. The cutting system consists of a spindle, a feed mechanism and a tool system. The spindle is responsible for rotating the tool. The feed mechanism controls the feed speed and direction of the tool. The tool system consists of a clamping device, a tool bar, a tool holder and a blade.
3. Programming method of CNC milling machine
There are two programming methods for CNC milling machines: manual programming and automatic programming. Manual programming refers to programming by inputting instructions and parameters, which is intuitive, flexible, and easy to master. Automatic programming refers to generating cutting programs through computer-aided design software, and then uploading the programs to the CNC system for processing. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, high precision and good repeatability.
4. Processing control of CNC milling machine
The processing control of CNC milling machines includes processing trajectory control, processing speed control, processing depth control, processing mode control and other aspects. Among them, machining trajectory control is the most important control method of CNC milling machines. It uses mathematical models to describe and calculate the machining path, so that the tool can accurately cut according to the predetermined path. Processing speed control is to ensure processing quality and processing efficiency, and to control the feed speed and return speed of the tool during processing. Processing depth control is to ensure processing quality and extend tool service life by controlling cutting depth. Processing method control is to select different processing methods according to different processing requirements, such as milling, drilling, tapping, etc.
5. Summary
As an advanced milling processing equipment, CNC milling machines have wide application prospects and development potential. This article introduces the basic knowledge of CNC milling machines, including definition, structure, working principle, programming method, processing control, etc., aiming to provide comprehensive introductory guidance for beginners. Through in-depth study of the technical principles and operating methods of CNC milling machines, processing efficiency and processing accuracy can be improved to meet the needs of modern manufacturing for high quality, high precision, and high efficiency.
